The Victorian era was characterized by a marked enthusiasm for science, and especially the natural sciences. Many botanists and scientists were interested in plants and animals, did research, and collected specimens that they later exhibited. Many were interested in Canada and its varied resources. Society remained conservative and Christian, marked by a rigorous and Puritan morality. In this context, scientists with avant-garde ideas, such as Charles Darwin with his theory of the evolution of species, were not warmly welcomed.